Geological Features and Relief

Geographical Features

The total area of the region is 36.3 thousand square kilometers. The Jewish Autonomous Region is situated in the southern part of the Russian Far East and it has favourable geographical situation. On the west the region borders with the Amur Region, on the east – with the Khabarovsk Territory, on the south its border coincides with the Amur River and the state frontier between Russia and China.

The region is close to the Pacific Ocean and the main economic partners in that region. The Amur River is a way out to the seas of the Pacific Ocean. The Trans-Siberian railroad, which passes across the region’s territory, connects Western Europe and Middle East with the Pacific Asian region.

Relief

The region’s relief is presented by two kinds: mountains and plains. Mountains are located in the southern part of the region.

Mountain areas are the southern part of the extensive Khingano-Bureinskaya mountain system, it occupies 1/3 territory of the JAR. The mountain complex of the Lesser Khingan on the region’s territory is submitted by the almost parallel Lesser Khingan Ridge, Sutarsky Ridge, Pompeyevsky Ridge and Schuki-Poktoy. Their direction coincides with the general direction of the basic ranges of the Russian Far East. Basically mountains are low, they are notable for smoothed forms of crowns and look like a large-hill land. The highest sites are located in the north of the autonomy. Their steep spots are deeply cut by the Large Bira River’s valleys. The highest point of the autonomy is the Studencheskaya Mountain (1421 meter) located in the far north of the JAR. Other significant heights are Cherbukondya (1360 m), Bydyr (1207 m), Tsar (1103 m).

Single mountains stretched through the central plains of the region are submitted by the Uldury Massif, Daur Massif, Large Churki Massif and Volochaevskaya Hill, Petrovskiye Hills, Ventselevskiye Hills and other heights, which do not break the flat relief at time.

In the south and south-east of the region there is the Mid-Amur alluvial plain (Amur-Sungariskaya plain). It is generally lowering from 100-150 m at the foothills of the Lesser Khingan to 40-50 m in the Amur flood lands. The plain in the autonomy is divided into two areas. The first of them, occupying the basic part of the Bidzhan River basin, has a concave surface. Here the plain looks like a saucer inclined to the south, which bottom is occupied by the flood-lands of the Bira River and its numerous inflows. The second site of the plain located in a triangle between the Amur River, the Ulduro-Bidzhanskaya mountain ridge and the Urmi River represents a flat surface.
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Address of the JAR Government: 18, 60-letiya SSSR ave., Birobidzhan, 679016. Tel/fax: +7 (42622) 4-04-89, e-mail: gov@eao.ru
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